Blindsided by Kratom: The Accessible Opioid
Blindsided by Kratom: The Accessible Opioid
Presented By
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Honor Ashbaugh, MDMore Info
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Dates and Times
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-Live Webinar
Location
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Live WebinarAccess virtually on TPN.health
In this workshop we will provide an overview of what Kratom is, its forms, and its natural history. We will cover how Kratom is used and how Kratom doses are measured. Dr. Ashbaugh will discuss the legality of Kratom, the attempt to classify it as a Schedule I drug, and regulations in Colorado. We will discuss pathophysiology, addiction, and withdrawal as it relates to Kratom use, including whether a person can overdose on Kratom. Finally, we will go over the treatment of Kratom Addiction.
- • Counselor
- • Marriage & Family Therapist
- • Psychologist
- • Social Worker
- • Substance Use Disorder Professionals
This workshop aims to educate participants about Kratom and the various forms it comes in while increasing awareness of this widely available substance.
At the end of this course, participants will be able to:
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Identify what Kratom is and how it is used.
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Describe the neurophysiology of Kratom.
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Explain the controversy surrounding treatment of Kratom addiction.
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Abdullah, H. M. A., Haq, I., & Lamfers, R. (2019). Cardiac arrest in a young healthy male patient secondary to kratom ingestion: Is this “legal high” substance more dangerous than initially thought? BMJ Case Reports, 12(7), e229778. https://doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2019-229778
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Agapoff, J. R., & Kilaru, U. (2019). Outpatient buprenorphine induction and maintenance treatment for kratom dependence: A case study. Journal of Substance Use, 24(6), 575–577. https://doi.org/10.1080/14659891.2019.1638459
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Antony, A., & Lee, T.-P. (2019). Herb-induced liver injury with cholestasis and renal injury secondary to short-term use of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa). American Journal of Therapeutics, 26(4), e546–e547. https://doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0000000000000802
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Bowe, A., & Kerr, P. L. (2020). A complex case of kratom dependence, depression, and chronic pain in opioid use disorder: Effects of buprenorphine in clinical management. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 52(5), 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2020.1773586
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Burke, D., Shearer, A., & Van Cott, A. (2019). Two cases of provoked seizure associated with kratom ingestion. Neurology, 92(15 Supplement), P4.5-030.
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Dorman, C., Wong, M., & Khan, A. (2015). Cholestatic hepatitis from prolonged kratom use: A case report. Hepatology, 61(3), 1086–1087. https://doi.org/10.1002/hep.27612
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Diep, J., Chin, D. T., Gupta, S., Syed, F., Xiong, M., & Cheng, J. (2018). Kratom, an emerging drug of abuse: A case report of overdose and management of withdrawal. A&A Practice, 10(8), 192–194.
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Drago, J. Z., Lane, B., Kochav, J., & Chabner, B. (2017). The harm in kratom. Oncologist, 22(8), 1010–1011. https://doi.org/10.1634/theoncologist.2017-0279
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Eggleston, W., Stoppacher, R., Suen, K., Marraffa, J. M., & Nelson, L. S. (2019). Kratom use and toxicities in the United States. Pharmacotherapy, 39(7), 775–777. https://doi.org/10.1002/phar.2280
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Fernandes, C. T., Iqbal, U., Tighe, S. P., & Ahmed, A. (2019). Kratom-induced cholestatic liver injury and its conservative management. Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports, 7, 2324709619836138.
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Galbis-Reig, D. (2019). A case report of kratom addiction and withdrawal. WMJ, 115(1), 49–52.
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Griffiths, C. L., Gandhi, N., & Olin, J. L. (2018). Possible kratom-induced hepatomegaly: A case report. Journal of the American Pharmacists Association (2003), 58(5), 561–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.japh.2018.05.006
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Hanapi, N. A., Chear, N. J., Azizi, J., & Yusof, S. R. (2021). Kratom alkaloids: Interactions with enzymes, receptors, and cellular barriers. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 12, 751656. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2021.751656
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Hassan, Z., Suhaimi, F. W., Ramanathan, S., Ling, K.-H., Effendy, M. A., & Muller, C. P. (2019). Mitragynine (Kratom) impairs spatial learning and hippocampal synaptic transmission in rats. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 33(7), 908–918. https://doi.org/10.1177/0269881119844186
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Hemby, S. E., McIntosh, S., Leon, F., Cutler, S. J., & McCurdy, C. R. (2019). Abuse liability and therapeutic potential of the Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) alkaloids mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine. Addiction Biology, 24(5), 874–885. https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.12639
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Henningfield, J. E., Chawarski, M. C., Garcia-Romeu, A., et al. (2023). Kratom withdrawal: Discussions and conclusions of a scientific expert forum. Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports, 7, 100142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dadr.2023.100142
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Ilmie, M. U., Jaafar, H., Mansor, S. M., & Abdullah, J. M. (2015). Subchronic toxicity study of standardized methanolic extract of Mitragyna speciosa Korth in Sprague-Dawley rats. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 9, 189. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2015.00189
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Jaliawala, H. A., Abdo, T., & Carlile, P. V. (2018). Kratom: A potential cause of acute respiratory distress syndrome. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 197, A6604.
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Khazaeli, A., Jerry, J. M., & Vazirian, M. (2018). Treatment of kratom withdrawal and addiction with buprenorphine. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 12(6), 493–495. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000435
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Kruegel, A. C., Gassaway, M. M., Kapoor, A., et al. (2016). Synthetic and receptor signaling explorations of the mitragyna alkaloids: Mitragynine as an atypical molecular framework for opioid receptor modulators. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 138(21), 6754–6764. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b00360
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Kruegel, A. C., & Grundmann, O. (2018). Pharmacology of kratom and its constituents: Towards a better understanding of the drug. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 9, 196. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2018.00196
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Lynn, A. M., Gopalan, G., Khosravi, M., Kline, J., & Levy, C. (2020). The effects of kratom on opioid withdrawal symptoms: A case report. American Journal of Therapeutics, 27(3), e373–e375. https://doi.org/10.1097/MJT.0000000000000734
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Mason, D. M., & Zoller, J. E. (2018). Exploring the intersection of kratom use, opioid use disorder, and chronic pain: A case report. Pain Medicine, 19(3), 604–606. https://doi.org/10.1093/pm/pnx131
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Meyer, M. R., & Peters, F. T. (2020). The effects of kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) on opioid receptors: A systematic review. Drug Testing and Analysis, 12(8), 1218–1230. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.2752
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Morita, Y., Matsuda, Y., Watanabe, K., Takagi, Y., & Nakae, T. (2022). The analgesic effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in mice: A behavioral and pharmacological study. Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 45(3), 384–392. https://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b21-00854
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Murray, A. R., & Stiles, M. A. (2020). Adverse effects of kratom: A review of the literature. Journal of Medical Toxicology, 16(4), 309–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13181-020-00749-2
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Nathanson, D. (2017). The kratom controversy: An overview of the use, effects, and potential health risks of kratom. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 11(4), 245–250. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000316
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Rogers, M. C., & Flentke, G. R. (2020). Kratom: A comprehensive review of its pharmacology and potential health effects. American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy, 77(10), 757–766. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajhp/zxaa048
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Sawyer, K. L., & Williams, C. K. (2019). Kratom: A comprehensive review of the literature and future research directions. Journal of Addiction Medicine, 13(3), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1097/ADM.0000000000000521
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Sweeney, K. (2021). A report of kratom dependence. American Journal of Psychiatry, 178(12), 1194. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2021.1781216
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Wang, C. M., Hsiao, Y. T., Cheng, M. C., & Chiu, P. Y. (2019). Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa): A review of the pharmacological and toxicological effects. Drug Safety, 42(8), 865–874. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40264-019-00891-0
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Trusted Provider Network, LLC is recognized by the New York State Education Department’s State Board for Social Work as an approved provider of continuing education for licensed social workers #SW-0654.
This course has been approved by TPN.health, as a NAADAC Approved Education Provider, for educational credits. NAADAC Provider #198061, TPN.health is responsible for all aspects of the programming.This course has been approved by TPN.health, as a NAADAC Approved Education Provider, for educational credits. NAADAC Provider #198061, TPN.health is responsible for all aspects of the programing. Counselor Skill Group: Legal, Ethical, and Professional Development
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Waiting Room Opens
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Workshop Begins
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Workshop Ends